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<section id="database-configuration">
<h1>Database Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#database-configuration" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h1>
<nav class="contents local" id="contents">
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#config-file" id="id1">Config File</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#setting-default-database" id="id2">Setting Default Database</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#dsn" id="id3">DSN</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#failovers" id="id4">Failovers</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#setting-multiple-databases" id="id5">Setting Multiple Databases</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#changing-databases-automatically" id="id6">Changing Databases Automatically</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#configuring-with-env-file" id="id7">Configuring with .env File</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#description-of-values" id="id8">Description of Values</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#mysqli" id="id9">MySQLi</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#hostname" id="id10">hostname</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#encrypt" id="id11">encrypt</a></p></li>
</ul>
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<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../intro/requirements.html#requirements-supported-databases"><span class="std std-ref">Supported Databases</span></a> for currently supported database drivers.</p>
</div>
<section id="config-file">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1" role="doc-backlink">Config File</a><a class="headerlink" href="#config-file" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>CodeIgniter has a config file that lets you store your database
connection values (username, password, database name, etc.). The config
file is located at <strong>app/Config/Database.php</strong>. You can also set
database connection values in the <strong>.env</strong> file. See below for more details.</p>
<section id="setting-default-database">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2" role="doc-backlink">Setting Default Database</a><a class="headerlink" href="#setting-default-database" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>The config settings are stored in a class property that is an array with this
prototype:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">CodeIgniter\Database\Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Database</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">Config</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">array</span> <span class="nv">$default</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DSN&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;hostname&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;localhost&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;username&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;root&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;password&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;database&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;database_name&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBDriver&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;MySQLi&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBPrefix&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;pConnect&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBDebug&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;charset&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8mb4&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBCollat&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8mb4_general_ci&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;swapPre&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;encrypt&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;compress&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;strictOn&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;failover&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;port&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">3306</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The name of the class property is the connection name, and can be used
while connecting to specify a group name.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>The default location of the SQLite3 database is the <strong>writable</strong> folder.
If you want to change the location, you must set the full path to the new folder (e.g., database =&gt; WRITEPATH . db/database_name.db).</p>
</div>
<section id="dsn">
<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3" role="doc-backlink">DSN</a><a class="headerlink" href="#dsn" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h4>
<p>Some database drivers (such as Postgre, OCI8) requires a full DSN (Data Source Name) string to connect.
But if you do not specify a DSN string for a driver that requires it, CodeIgniter
will try to build it with the rest of the provided settings.</p>
<p>If you specify a DSN, you should use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'DSN'</span></code> configuration setting, as if
youre using the drivers underlying native PHP extension, like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="c1">// OCI8</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">array</span> <span class="nv">$default</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DSN&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;//localhost/XE&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<section id="dsn-in-universal-manner">
<h5>DSN in Universal Manner<a class="headerlink" href="#dsn-in-universal-manner" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h5>
<p>You can also set a DSN in universal manner (URL like). In that case DSNs must have this prototype:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">array</span> <span class="nv">$default</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DSN&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;DBDriver://username:password@hostname:port/database&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To override default config values when connecting with a universal version of the DSN string,
add the config variables as a query string:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="c1">// MySQLi</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">array</span> <span class="nv">$default</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DSN&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;MySQLi://username:password@hostname:3306/database?charset=utf8mb4&amp;DBCollat=utf8mb4_general_ci&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="c1">// Postgre</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">array</span> <span class="nv">$default</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DSN&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Postgre://username:password@hostname:5432/database?charset=utf8&amp;connect_timeout=5&amp;sslmode=require&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>If you provide a DSN string and it is missing some valid settings (e.g., the
database character set), which are present in the rest of the configuration
fields, CodeIgniter will append them.</p>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="failovers">
<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4" role="doc-backlink">Failovers</a><a class="headerlink" href="#failovers" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h4>
<p>You can also specify failovers for the situation when the main connection cannot connect for some reason.
These failovers can be specified by setting the failover for a connection like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">CodeIgniter\Database\Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Database</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">Config</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">array</span> <span class="nv">$default</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;failover&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="p">[</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;hostname&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;localhost1&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;username&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;password&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;database&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBDriver&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;MySQLi&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBPrefix&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;pConnect&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBDebug&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;charset&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8mb4&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBCollat&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8mb4_general_ci&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;swapPre&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;encrypt&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;compress&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;strictOn&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">],</span>
<span class="p">[</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;hostname&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;localhost2&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;username&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;password&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;database&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBDriver&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;MySQLi&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBPrefix&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;pConnect&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBDebug&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;charset&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8mb4&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBCollat&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8mb4_general_ci&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;swapPre&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;encrypt&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;compress&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;strictOn&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">],</span>
<span class="p">],</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can specify as many failovers as you like.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="setting-multiple-databases">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5" role="doc-backlink">Setting Multiple Databases</a><a class="headerlink" href="#setting-multiple-databases" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>You may optionally store multiple sets of connection
values. If, for example, you run multiple environments (development,
production, test, etc.) under a single installation, you can set up a
connection group for each, then switch between groups as needed. For
example, to set up a “test” environment you would do this:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">CodeIgniter\Database\Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Database</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">Config</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">array</span> <span class="nv">$test</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DSN&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;hostname&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;localhost&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;username&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;root&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;password&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;database&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;database_name&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBDriver&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;MySQLi&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBPrefix&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;pConnect&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBDebug&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;charset&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8mb4&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBCollat&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8mb4_general_ci&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;swapPre&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;compress&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;encrypt&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;strictOn&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;failover&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Then, to globally tell the system to use that group you would set this
variable located in the config file:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">CodeIgniter\Database\Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Database</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">Config</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="nx">string</span> <span class="nv">$defaultGroup</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;test&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>The name <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">test</span></code> is arbitrary. It can be anything you want. By
default weve used the word <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">default</span></code> for the primary connection,
but it too can be renamed to something more relevant to your project.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="changing-databases-automatically">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6" role="doc-backlink">Changing Databases Automatically</a><a class="headerlink" href="#changing-databases-automatically" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>You could modify the config file to detect the environment and automatically
update the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">defaultGroup</span></code> value to the correct one by adding the required logic
within the class constructor:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">CodeIgniter\Database\Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="sd">/**</span>
<span class="sd"> * Database Configuration</span>
<span class="sd"> */</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Database</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">Config</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="nv">$development</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="cm">/* ... */</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="nv">$test</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="cm">/* ... */</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="nv">$production</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="cm">/* ... */</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="fm">__construct</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">defaultGroup</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ENVIRONMENT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="configuring-with-env-file">
<span id="database-config-with-env-file"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7" role="doc-backlink">Configuring with .env File</a><a class="headerlink" href="#configuring-with-env-file" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>You can also save your configuration values within a <strong>.env</strong> file with the current servers
database settings. You only need to enter the values that change from what is in the
default groups configuration settings. The values should follow this format, where
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">default</span></code> is the group name:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nx">database</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="k">default</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">username</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;root&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nx">database</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="k">default</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">password</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nx">database</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="k">default</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">database</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;ci4&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>But you cannot add a new property by setting environment variables, nor change a
scalar value to an array. See <a class="reference internal" href="../general/configuration.html#env-var-replacements-for-data"><span class="std std-ref">Environment Variables as Replacements for Data</span></a> for details.</p>
<p>So if you want to use SSL with MySQL, you need a hack. For example, set the array
values as a JSON string in your <strong>.env</strong> file:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nx">database</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="k">default</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">encrypt</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&quot;ssl_verify&quot;</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">&quot;ssl_ca&quot;</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="s2">&quot;/var/www/html/BaltimoreCyberTrustRoot.crt.pem&quot;</span><span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>and decode it in the constructor in the Config class:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">CodeIgniter\Database\Config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="sd">/**</span>
<span class="sd"> * Database Configuration</span>
<span class="sd"> */</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Database</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">Config</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="fm">__construct</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="nv">$array</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">json_decode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">default</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;encrypt&#39;</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">is_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$array</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">default</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;encrypt&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$array</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="description-of-values">
<span id="database-config-explanation-of-values"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8" role="doc-backlink">Description of Values</a><a class="headerlink" href="#description-of-values" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<table class="docutils align-default">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Config Name</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Description</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>DSN</strong></p></td>
<td><p>The DSN connect string (an all-in-one configuration sequence).</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><strong>hostname</strong></p></td>
<td><p>The hostname of your database server. Often this is localhost.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>username</strong></p></td>
<td><p>The username used to connect to the database. (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLite3</span></code> does not use this.)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><strong>password</strong></p></td>
<td><p>The password used to connect to the database. (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLite3</span></code> does not use this.)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>database</strong></p></td>
<td><p>The name of the database you want to connect to.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>CodeIgniter doesnt support dots (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.</span></code>) in the table and column names.
Since v4.5.0, database names with dots are supported.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><strong>DBDriver</strong></p></td>
<td><p>The database driver name. The case must match the driver name.
You can set a fully qualified classname to use your custom driver.
Supported drivers: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MySQLi</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Postgre</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLite3</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLSRV</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OCI8</span></code>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>DBPrefix</strong></p></td>
<td><p>An optional table prefix which will be added to the table name when running
<a class="reference internal" href="query_builder.html"><span class="doc">Query Builder</span></a> queries. This permits multiple CodeIgniter
installations to share one database.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><strong>pConnect</strong></p></td>
<td><p>true/false (boolean) - Whether to use a persistent connection.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>DBDebug</strong></p></td>
<td><p>true/false (boolean) - Whether to throw exceptions when database errors occur.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><strong>charset</strong></p></td>
<td><p>The character set used in communicating with the database.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>DBCollat</strong></p></td>
<td><p>(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MySQLi</span></code> only) The character collation used in communicating with the database.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><strong>swapPre</strong></p></td>
<td><p>A default table prefix that should be swapped with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DBPrefix</span></code>. This is useful for distributed
applications where you might run manually written queries, and need the prefix to still be
customizable by the end user.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>schema</strong></p></td>
<td><p>(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Postgre</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLSRV</span></code> only) The database schema, default value varies by driver.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><strong>encrypt</strong></p></td>
<td><p>(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MySQLi</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLSRV</span></code> only) Whether to use an encrypted connection.
See <a class="reference internal" href="#mysqli-encrypt"><span class="std std-ref">MySQLi encrypt</span></a> for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MySQLi</span></code> settings.
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLSRV</span></code> driver accepts true/false.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>compress</strong></p></td>
<td><p>(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MySQLi</span></code> only) Whether to use client compression.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><strong>strictOn</strong></p></td>
<td><p>(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MySQLi</span></code> only) true/false (boolean) - Whether to force “Strict Mode” connections, good for ensuring
strict SQL while developing an application.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>port</strong></p></td>
<td><p>The database port number - Empty string <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">''</span></code> for default port (or dynamic port with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLSRV</span></code>).</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><strong>foreignKeys</strong></p></td>
<td><p>(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLite3</span></code> only) true/false (boolean) - Whether to enable Foreign Key constraint.</p>
<div class="admonition important">
<p class="admonition-title">Important</p>
<p>SQLite3 Foreign Key constraint is disabled by default.
See <a class="reference external" href="https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_foreign_keys">SQLite documentation</a>.
To enforce Foreign Key constraint, set this config item to true.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>busyTimeout</strong></p></td>
<td><p>(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLite3</span></code> only) milliseconds (int) - Sleeps for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><strong>synchronous</strong></p></td>
<td><p>(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLite3</span></code> only) flag (int) - How strict SQLite will be at flushing to disk during transactions.
Use <cite>null</cite> to stay with the default setting. This can be used since v4.6.0.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>numberNative</strong></p></td>
<td><p>(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MySQLi</span></code> only) true/false (boolean) - Whether to enable MYSQLI_OPT_INT_AND_FLOAT_NATIVE.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><strong>foundRows</strong></p></td>
<td><p>(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MySQLi</span></code> only) true/false (boolean) - Whether to enable MYSQLI_CLIENT_FOUND_ROWS.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><strong>dateFormat</strong></p></td>
<td><p>The default date/time formats as PHPs <a class="reference external" href="https://www.php.net/manual/en/datetime.format.php">DateTime format</a>.
* <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">date</span></code> - date format
* <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime</span></code> - date and time format
* <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime-ms</span></code> - date and time with millisecond format
* <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime-us</span></code> - date and time with microsecond format
* <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">time</span></code> - time format
This can be used since v4.5.0, and you can get the value, e.g., <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$db-&gt;dateFormat['datetime']</span></code>.
Currently, the database drivers do not use these values directly,
but <a class="reference internal" href="../models/model.html#model-saving-dates"><span class="std std-ref">Model</span></a> uses them.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Depending on what database driver you are using (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MySQLi</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Postgre</span></code>,
etc.) not all values will be needed. For example, when using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SQLite3</span></code> you
will not need to supply a username or password, and the database name
will be the path to your database file.</p>
</div>
<section id="mysqli">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9" role="doc-backlink">MySQLi</a><a class="headerlink" href="#mysqli" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<section id="hostname">
<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10" role="doc-backlink">hostname</a><a class="headerlink" href="#hostname" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h4>
<section id="configuring-a-socket-connection">
<h5>Configuring a Socket Connection<a class="headerlink" href="#configuring-a-socket-connection" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h5>
<p>To connect to a MySQL server over a filesystem socket, the path to the socket should be specified in
the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'hostname'</span></code> setting. CodeIgniters MySQLi driver will notice this and configure the
connection properly.</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="c1">// MySQLi over a socket</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">array</span> <span class="nv">$default</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;hostname&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;/cloudsql/toolbox-tests:europe-north1:toolbox-db&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;DBDriver&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;MySQLi&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="encrypt">
<span id="mysqli-encrypt"></span><h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11" role="doc-backlink">encrypt</a><a class="headerlink" href="#encrypt" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h4>
<p>MySQLi driver accepts an array with the following options:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl_key</span></code> - Path to the private key file</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl_cert</span></code> - Path to the public key certificate file</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl_ca</span></code> - Path to the certificate authority file</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl_capath</span></code> - Path to a directory containing trusted CA certificates in PEM format</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl_cipher</span></code> - List of <em>allowed</em> ciphers to be used for the encryption, separated by colons (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">:</span></code>)</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl_verify</span></code> - true/false (boolean) - Whether to verify the server certificate or not</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</div>
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