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<section id="database-metadata">
<h1>Database Metadata<a class="headerlink" href="#database-metadata" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<div class="contents local topic" id="contents">
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#table-metadata" id="id1">Table MetaData</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#list-the-tables-in-your-database" id="id2">List the Tables in Your Database</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#determine-if-a-table-exists" id="id3">Determine If a Table Exists</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#field-metadata" id="id4">Field MetaData</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#list-the-fields-in-a-table" id="id5">List the Fields in a Table</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#determine-if-a-field-is-present-in-a-table" id="id6">Determine If a Field is Present in a Table</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#retrieve-field-metadata" id="id7">Retrieve Field Metadata</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#list-the-indexes-in-a-table" id="id8">List the Indexes in a Table</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<section id="table-metadata">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">Table MetaData</a><a class="headerlink" href="#table-metadata" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>These functions let you fetch table information.</p>
<section id="list-the-tables-in-your-database">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">List the Tables in Your Database</a><a class="headerlink" href="#list-the-tables-in-your-database" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p><strong>$db-&gt;listTables();</strong></p>
<p>Returns an array containing the names of all the tables in the database
you are currently connected to. Example:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="nv">$tables</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">listTables</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$tables</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$table</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$table</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Some drivers have additional system tables that are excluded from this return.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="determine-if-a-table-exists">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Determine If a Table Exists</a><a class="headerlink" href="#determine-if-a-table-exists" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p><strong>$db-&gt;tableExists();</strong></p>
<p>Sometimes its helpful to know whether a particular table exists before
running an operation on it. Returns a boolean true/false. Usage example:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">tableExists</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;table_name&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// some code...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Replace <em>table_name</em> with the name of the table you are looking for.</p>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="field-metadata">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Field MetaData</a><a class="headerlink" href="#field-metadata" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<section id="list-the-fields-in-a-table">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">List the Fields in a Table</a><a class="headerlink" href="#list-the-fields-in-a-table" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p><strong>$db-&gt;getFieldNames()</strong></p>
<p>Returns an array containing the field names. This query can be called
two ways:</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>You can supply the table name and call it from the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$db-&gt;object</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="nv">$fields</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getFieldNames</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;table_name&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$fields</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$field</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$field</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<p>2. You can gather the field names associated with any query you run by
calling the function from your query result object:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="nv">$query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;SELECT * FROM some_table&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$query</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getFieldNames</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$field</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$field</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="determine-if-a-field-is-present-in-a-table">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">Determine If a Field is Present in a Table</a><a class="headerlink" href="#determine-if-a-field-is-present-in-a-table" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p><strong>$db-&gt;fieldExists()</strong></p>
<p>Sometimes its helpful to know whether a particular field exists before
performing an action. Returns a boolean true/false. Usage example:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">fieldExists</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;field_name&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;table_name&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// some code...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Replace <em>field_name</em> with the name of the column you are looking
for, and replace <em>table_name</em> with the name of the table you are
looking for.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="retrieve-field-metadata">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">Retrieve Field Metadata</a><a class="headerlink" href="#retrieve-field-metadata" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p><strong>$db-&gt;getFieldData()</strong></p>
<p>Returns an array of objects containing field information.</p>
<p>Sometimes its helpful to gather the field names or other metadata, like
the column type, max length, etc.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Not all databases provide meta-data.</p>
</div>
<p>Usage example:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="nv">$fields</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getFieldData</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;table_name&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$fields</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$field</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$field</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">name</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$field</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">type</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$field</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">max_length</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$field</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">primary_key</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you have run a query already you can use the result object instead of
supplying the table name:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="nv">$query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;YOUR QUERY&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$fields</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$query</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">fieldData</span><span class="p">();</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The following data is available from this function if supported by your
database:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>name - column name</p></li>
<li><p>max_length - maximum length of the column</p></li>
<li><p>primary_key - 1 if the column is a primary key</p></li>
<li><p>type - the type of the column</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="list-the-indexes-in-a-table">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8">List the Indexes in a Table</a><a class="headerlink" href="#list-the-indexes-in-a-table" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p><strong>$db-&gt;getIndexData()</strong></p>
<p>Returns an array of objects containing index information.</p>
<p>Usage example:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="nv">$keys</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getIndexData</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;table_name&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$keys</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$key</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$key</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">name</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$key</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">type</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$key</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">fields</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">// array of field names</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The key types may be unique to the database you are using.
For instance, MySQL will return one of primary, fulltext, spatial, index or unique
for each key associated with a table.</p>
<p><strong>$db-&gt;getForeignKeyData()</strong></p>
<p>Returns an array of objects containing foreign key information.</p>
<p>Usage example:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="nv">$keys</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getForeignKeyData</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;table_name&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$keys</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$key</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$key</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">constraint_name</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$key</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">table_name</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$key</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">column_name</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$key</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">foreign_table_name</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$key</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">foreign_column_name</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The object fields may be unique to the database you are using. For instance, SQLite3 does
not return data on column names, but has the additional <em>sequence</em> field for compound
foreign key definitions.</p>
</section>
</section>
</section>
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