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<section id="custom-cli-commands">
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<h1>Custom CLI Commands<a class="headerlink" href="#custom-cli-commands" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
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<p>While the ability to use CLI commands like any other route is convenient, you might find times where you
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||
need a little something different. That’s where CLI commands come in. They are simple classes that do not
|
||
need to have routes defined for, making them perfect for building tools that developers can use to make
|
||
their jobs simpler, whether by handling migrations or database seeding, checking cronjob status, or even
|
||
building out custom code generators for your company.</p>
|
||
<div class="contents local topic" id="contents">
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#running-commands" id="id1">Running Commands</a></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#calling-commands" id="id2">Calling Commands</a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#using-help-command" id="id3">Using Help Command</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-new-commands" id="id4">Creating New Commands</a></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#file-location" id="id5">File Location</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#an-example-command" id="id6">An Example Command</a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#basecommand" id="id7">BaseCommand</a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<section id="running-commands">
|
||
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">Running Commands</a><a class="headerlink" href="#running-commands" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
|
||
<p>Commands are run from the command line, in the root directory. The same one that holds the <strong>/app</strong>
|
||
and <strong>/system</strong> directories. A custom script, <strong>spark</strong> has been provided that is used to run any of the
|
||
CLI commands:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nx">php</span> <span class="nx">spark</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>When called without specifying a command, a simple help page is displayed that also provides a list of
|
||
available commands. You should pass the name of the command as the first argument to run that command:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nx">php</span> <span class="nx">spark</span> <span class="nx">migrate</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Some commands take additional arguments, which should be provided directly after the command, separated by spaces:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nx">php</span> <span class="nx">spark</span> <span class="nx">db</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nx">seed</span> <span class="nx">DevUserSeeder</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>You may always pass <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--no-header</span></code> to suppress the header output, helpful for parsing results:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nx">php</span> <span class="nx">spark</span> <span class="nx">cache</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nx">clear</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nb">header</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>For all of the commands CodeIgniter provides, if you do not provide the required arguments, you will be prompted
|
||
for the information it needs to run correctly:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nx">php</span> <span class="nx">spark</span> <span class="nx">migrate</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nx">version</span>
|
||
<span class="o">></span> <span class="nx">Version</span><span class="o">?</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<section id="calling-commands">
|
||
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Calling Commands</a><a class="headerlink" href="#calling-commands" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
|
||
<p>Commands can also be ran from within your own code. This is most often done within a controller for cronjob tasks,
|
||
but they can be used at any time. You do this by using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">command()</span></code> function. This function is always available.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">command</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'migrate:create TestMigration'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>The only argument is string that is the command called and any parameters. This appears exactly as you would call
|
||
it from the command line.</p>
|
||
<p>All output from the command that is ran is captured when not run from the command line. It is returned from the command
|
||
so that you can choose to display it or not.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="using-help-command">
|
||
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Using Help Command</a><a class="headerlink" href="#using-help-command" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
|
||
<p>You can get help about any CLI command using the help command as follows:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nx">php</span> <span class="nx">spark</span> <span class="nx">help</span> <span class="nx">db</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nx">seed</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Use the <strong>list</strong> command to get a list of available commands and their descriptions, sorted by categories.
|
||
You may also use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">spark</span> <span class="pre">list</span> <span class="pre">--simple</span></code> to get a raw list of all available commands, sorted alphabetically.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="creating-new-commands">
|
||
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Creating New Commands</a><a class="headerlink" href="#creating-new-commands" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
|
||
<p>You can very easily create new commands to use in your own development. Each class must be in its own file,
|
||
and must extend <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CodeIgniter\CLI\BaseCommand</span></code>, and implement the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run()</span></code> method.</p>
|
||
<p>The following properties should be used in order to get listed in CLI commands and to add help functionality to your command:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$group</span></code>: a string to describe the group the command is lumped under when listing commands. For example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Database</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$name</span></code>: a string to describe the command’s name. For example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">migrate:create</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$description</span></code>: a string to describe the command. For example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Creates</span> <span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">new</span> <span class="pre">migration</span> <span class="pre">file.</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$usage</span></code>: a string to describe the command usage. For example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">migrate:create</span> <span class="pre">[name]</span> <span class="pre">[options]</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$arguments</span></code>: an array of strings to describe each command argument. For example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'name'</span> <span class="pre">=></span> <span class="pre">'The</span> <span class="pre">migration</span> <span class="pre">file</span> <span class="pre">name'</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$options</span></code>: an array of strings to describe each command option. For example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'-n'</span> <span class="pre">=></span> <span class="pre">'Set</span> <span class="pre">migration</span> <span class="pre">namespace'</span></code></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>Help description will be automatically generated according to the above parameters.</strong></p>
|
||
<section id="file-location">
|
||
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">File Location</a><a class="headerlink" href="#file-location" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
|
||
<p>Commands must be stored within a directory named <strong>Commands</strong>. However, that directory can be located anywhere
|
||
that the <a class="reference internal" href="../concepts/autoloader.html"><span class="doc">Autoloader</span></a> can locate it. This could be in <strong>/app/Commands</strong>, or
|
||
a directory that you keep commands in to use in all of your project development, like <strong>Acme/Commands</strong>.</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
||
<p>When the commands are executed, the full CodeIgniter CLI environment has been loaded, making it
|
||
possible to get environment information, path information, and to use any of the tools you would use when making a Controller.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="an-example-command">
|
||
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">An Example Command</a><a class="headerlink" href="#an-example-command" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
|
||
<p>Let’s step through an example command whose only function is to report basic information about the application
|
||
itself, for demonstration purposes. Start by creating a new file at <strong>/app/Commands/AppInfo.php</strong>. It
|
||
should contain the following code:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">App\Commands</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">CodeIgniter\CLI\BaseCommand</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">CodeIgniter\CLI\CLI</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">AppInfo</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">BaseCommand</span>
|
||
<span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="k">protected</span> <span class="nv">$group</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'demo'</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="k">protected</span> <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'app:info'</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="k">protected</span> <span class="nv">$description</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'Displays basic application information.'</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">array</span> <span class="nv">$params</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>If you run the <strong>list</strong> command, you will see the new command listed under its own <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">demo</span></code> group. If you take
|
||
a close look, you should see how this works fairly easily. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$group</span></code> property simply tells it how to organize
|
||
this command with all of the other commands that exist, telling it what heading to list it under.</p>
|
||
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$name</span></code> property is the name this command can be called by. The only requirement is that it must not contain
|
||
a space, and all characters must be valid on the command line itself. By convention, though, commands are lowercase,
|
||
with further grouping of commands being done by using a colon with the command name itself. This helps keep
|
||
multiple commands from having naming collisions.</p>
|
||
<p>The final property, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$description</span></code> is a short string that is displayed in the <strong>list</strong> command and should describe
|
||
what the command does.</p>
|
||
<section id="run">
|
||
<h4>run()<a class="headerlink" href="#run" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
|
||
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run()</span></code> method is the method that is called when the command is being run. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$params</span></code> array is a list of
|
||
any CLI arguments after the command name for your use. If the CLI string was:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nx">php</span> <span class="nx">spark</span> <span class="nx">foo</span> <span class="nx">bar</span> <span class="nx">baz</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Then <strong>foo</strong> is the command name, and the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$params</span></code> array would be:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$params</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'bar'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'baz'</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>This can also be accessed through the <a class="reference internal" href="cli_library.html"><span class="doc">CLI</span></a> library, but this already has your command removed
|
||
from the string. These parameters can be used to customize how your scripts behave.</p>
|
||
<p>Our demo command might have a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run</span></code> method something like:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">array</span> <span class="nv">$params</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'PHP Version: '</span><span class="o">.</span> <span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">phpversion</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="s1">'yellow'</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'CI Version: '</span><span class="o">.</span> <span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">\CodeIgniter\CodeIgniter</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">CI_VERSION</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'yellow'</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'APPPATH: '</span><span class="o">.</span> <span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">APPPATH</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'yellow'</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'SYSTEMPATH: '</span><span class="o">.</span> <span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">SYSTEMPATH</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'yellow'</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'ROOTPATH: '</span><span class="o">.</span> <span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ROOTPATH</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'yellow'</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Included files: '</span><span class="o">.</span> <span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">get_included_files</span><span class="p">()),</span> <span class="s1">'yellow'</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="basecommand">
|
||
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">BaseCommand</a><a class="headerlink" href="#basecommand" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
|
||
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BaseCommand</span></code> class that all commands must extend have a couple of helpful utility methods that you should
|
||
be familiar with when creating your own commands. It also has a <a class="reference internal" href="../general/logging.html"><span class="doc">Logger</span></a> available at
|
||
<strong>$this->logger</strong>.</p>
|
||
<dl class="class">
|
||
<dt>
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">CodeIgniter\CLI\BaseCommand</code></dt>
|
||
<dd><dl class="method">
|
||
<dt id="call">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">call</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">string $command</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em class="sig-param">array $params = []</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#call" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
|
||
<dd><dl class="field-list simple">
|
||
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
|
||
<dd class="field-odd"><ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><strong>$command</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The name of another command to call.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><strong>$params</strong> (<em>array</em>) – Additional CLI arguments to make available to that command.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
<p>This method allows you to run other commands during the execution of your current command:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'command_one'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'command_two'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$params</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="method">
|
||
<dt id="showError">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">showError</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">Throwable $e</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#showError" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
|
||
<dd><dl class="field-list simple">
|
||
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
|
||
<dd class="field-odd"><ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><strong>$e</strong> (<em>Throwable</em>) – The exception to use for error reporting.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
<p>A convenience method to maintain a consistent and clear error output to the CLI:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">try</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="o">.</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="o">.</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">catch</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">\Exception</span> <span class="nv">$e</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">showError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$e</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="method">
|
||
<dt id="showHelp">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">showHelp</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#showHelp" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>A method to show command help: (usage,arguments,description,options)</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="method">
|
||
<dt id="getPad">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">getPad</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">$array</em>, <em class="sig-param">$pad</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#getPad" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
|
||
<dd><dl class="field-list simple">
|
||
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
|
||
<dd class="field-odd"><ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><strong>$array</strong> (<em>array</em>) – The $key => $value array.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><strong>$pad</strong> (<em>integer</em>) – The pad spaces.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
<p>A method to calculate padding for $key => $value array output. The padding can be used to output a will formatted table in CLI:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$pad</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">getPad</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">options</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">options</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$option</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$description</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$tab</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="nx">CLI</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">str_pad</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$option</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$pad</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s1">'green'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="nv">$description</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'yellow'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1">// Output will be</span>
|
||
<span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">n</span> <span class="nx">Set</span> <span class="nx">migration</span> <span class="k">namespace</span>
|
||
<span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">r</span> <span class="nx">override</span> <span class="nb">file</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
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