Merge branch 'samples-bpf-automated-cgroup-tests'

Sargun Dhillon says:

====================
samples, bpf: Refactor; Add automated tests for cgroups

These two patches are around refactoring out some old, reusable code from the
existing test_current_task_under_cgroup_user test, and adding a new, automated
test.

There is some generic cgroupsv2 setup & cleanup code, given that most
environment still don't have it setup by default. With this code, we're able
to pretty easily add an automated test for future cgroupsv2 functionality.
====================

Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

samples/bpf/Makefile

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ hostprogs-y += map_perf_test
 hostprogs-y += test_overhead
 hostprogs-y += test_cgrp2_array_pin
 hostprogs-y += test_cgrp2_attach
+hostprogs-y += test_cgrp2_attach2
 hostprogs-y += test_cgrp2_sock
 hostprogs-y += test_cgrp2_sock2
 hostprogs-y += xdp1
@@ -54,12 +55,13 @@ map_perf_test-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o map_perf_test_user.o
 test_overhead-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o test_overhead_user.o
 test_cgrp2_array_pin-objs := libbpf.o test_cgrp2_array_pin.o
 test_cgrp2_attach-objs := libbpf.o test_cgrp2_attach.o
+test_cgrp2_attach2-objs := libbpf.o test_cgrp2_attach2.o cgroup_helpers.o
 test_cgrp2_sock-objs := libbpf.o test_cgrp2_sock.o
 test_cgrp2_sock2-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o test_cgrp2_sock2.o
 xdp1-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o xdp1_user.o
 # reuse xdp1 source intentionally
 xdp2-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o xdp1_user.o
-test_current_task_under_cgroup-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o \
+test_current_task_under_cgroup-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o cgroup_helpers.o \
 				       test_current_task_under_cgroup_user.o
 trace_event-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o trace_event_user.o
 sampleip-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o sampleip_user.o

samples/bpf/cgroup_helpers.c

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#include <sched.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <linux/limits.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <ftw.h>
+
+
+#include "cgroup_helpers.h"
+
+/*
+ * To avoid relying on the system setup, when setup_cgroup_env is called
+ * we create a new mount namespace, and cgroup namespace. The cgroup2
+ * root is mounted at CGROUP_MOUNT_PATH
+ *
+ * Unfortunately, most people don't have cgroupv2 enabled at this point in time.
+ * It's easier to create our own mount namespace and manage it ourselves.
+ *
+ * We assume /mnt exists.
+ */
+
+#define WALK_FD_LIMIT			16
+#define CGROUP_MOUNT_PATH		"/mnt"
+#define CGROUP_WORK_DIR			"/cgroup-test-work-dir"
+#define format_cgroup_path(buf, path) \
+	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s%s%s", CGROUP_MOUNT_PATH, \
+		 CGROUP_WORK_DIR, path)
+
+/**
+ * setup_cgroup_environment() - Setup the cgroup environment
+ *
+ * After calling this function, cleanup_cgroup_environment should be called
+ * once testing is complete.
+ *
+ * This function will print an error to stderr and return 1 if it is unable
+ * to setup the cgroup environment. If setup is successful, 0 is returned.
+ */
+int setup_cgroup_environment(void)
+{
+	char cgroup_workdir[PATH_MAX + 1];
+
+	format_cgroup_path(cgroup_workdir, "");
+
+	if (unshare(CLONE_NEWNS)) {
+		log_err("unshare");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (mount("none", "/", NULL, MS_REC | MS_PRIVATE, NULL)) {
+		log_err("mount fakeroot");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (mount("none", CGROUP_MOUNT_PATH, "cgroup2", 0, NULL)) {
+		log_err("mount cgroup2");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Cleanup existing failed runs, now that the environment is setup */
+	cleanup_cgroup_environment();
+
+	if (mkdir(cgroup_workdir, 0777) && errno != EEXIST) {
+		log_err("mkdir cgroup work dir");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int nftwfunc(const char *filename, const struct stat *statptr,
+		    int fileflags, struct FTW *pfwt)
+{
+	if ((fileflags & FTW_D) && rmdir(filename))
+		log_err("Removing cgroup: %s", filename);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int join_cgroup_from_top(char *cgroup_path)
+{
+	char cgroup_procs_path[PATH_MAX + 1];
+	pid_t pid = getpid();
+	int fd, rc = 0;
+
+	snprintf(cgroup_procs_path, sizeof(cgroup_procs_path),
+		 "%s/cgroup.procs", cgroup_path);
+
+	fd = open(cgroup_procs_path, O_WRONLY);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		log_err("Opening Cgroup Procs: %s", cgroup_procs_path);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (dprintf(fd, "%d\n", pid) < 0) {
+		log_err("Joining Cgroup");
+		rc = 1;
+	}
+
+	close(fd);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/**
+ * join_cgroup() - Join a cgroup
+ * @path: The cgroup path, relative to the workdir, to join
+ *
+ * This function expects a cgroup to already be created, relative to the cgroup
+ * work dir, and it joins it. For example, passing "/my-cgroup" as the path
+ * would actually put the calling process into the cgroup
+ * "/cgroup-test-work-dir/my-cgroup"
+ *
+ * On success, it returns 0, otherwise on failure it returns 1.
+ */
+int join_cgroup(char *path)
+{
+	char cgroup_path[PATH_MAX + 1];
+
+	format_cgroup_path(cgroup_path, path);
+	return join_cgroup_from_top(cgroup_path);
+}
+
+/**
+ * cleanup_cgroup_environment() - Cleanup Cgroup Testing Environment
+ *
+ * This is an idempotent function to delete all temporary cgroups that
+ * have been created during the test, including the cgroup testing work
+ * directory.
+ *
+ * At call time, it moves the calling process to the root cgroup, and then
+ * runs the deletion process. It is idempotent, and should not fail, unless
+ * a process is lingering.
+ *
+ * On failure, it will print an error to stderr, and try to continue.
+ */
+void cleanup_cgroup_environment(void)
+{
+	char cgroup_workdir[PATH_MAX + 1];
+
+	format_cgroup_path(cgroup_workdir, "");
+	join_cgroup_from_top(CGROUP_MOUNT_PATH);
+	nftw(cgroup_workdir, nftwfunc, WALK_FD_LIMIT, FTW_DEPTH | FTW_MOUNT);
+}
+
+/**
+ * create_and_get_cgroup() - Create a cgroup, relative to workdir, and get the FD
+ * @path: The cgroup path, relative to the workdir, to join
+ *
+ * This function creates a cgroup under the top level workdir and returns the
+ * file descriptor. It is idempotent.
+ *
+ * On success, it returns the file descriptor. On failure it returns 0.
+ * If there is a failure, it prints the error to stderr.
+ */
+int create_and_get_cgroup(char *path)
+{
+	char cgroup_path[PATH_MAX + 1];
+	int fd;
+
+	format_cgroup_path(cgroup_path, path);
+	if (mkdir(cgroup_path, 0777) && errno != EEXIST) {
+		log_err("mkdiring cgroup");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	fd = open(cgroup_path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		log_err("Opening Cgroup");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return fd;
+}

samples/bpf/cgroup_helpers.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef __CGROUP_HELPERS_H
+#define __CGROUP_HELPERS_H
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define clean_errno() (errno == 0 ? "None" : strerror(errno))
+#define log_err(MSG, ...) fprintf(stderr, "(%s:%d: errno: %s) " MSG "\n", \
+	__FILE__, __LINE__, clean_errno(), ##__VA_ARGS__)
+
+
+int create_and_get_cgroup(char *path);
+int join_cgroup(char *path);
+int setup_cgroup_environment(void);
+void cleanup_cgroup_environment(void);
+
+#endif

samples/bpf/test_cgrp2_attach2.c

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/* eBPF example program:
+ *
+ * - Creates arraymap in kernel with 4 bytes keys and 8 byte values
+ *
+ * - Loads eBPF program
+ *
+ *   The eBPF program accesses the map passed in to store two pieces of
+ *   information. The number of invocations of the program, which maps
+ *   to the number of packets received, is stored to key 0. Key 1 is
+ *   incremented on each iteration by the number of bytes stored in
+ *   the skb.
+ *
+ * - Attaches the new program to a cgroup using BPF_PROG_ATTACH
+ *
+ * - Every second, reads map[0] and map[1] to see how many bytes and
+ *   packets were seen on any socket of tasks in the given cgroup.
+ */
+
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <linux/bpf.h>
+
+#include "libbpf.h"
+#include "cgroup_helpers.h"
+
+#define FOO		"/foo"
+#define BAR		"/foo/bar/"
+#define PING_CMD	"ping -c1 -w1 127.0.0.1"
+
+static int prog_load(int verdict)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct bpf_insn prog[] = {
+		BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_0, verdict), /* r0 = verdict */
+		BPF_EXIT_INSN(),
+	};
+
+	ret = bpf_prog_load(BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SKB,
+			     prog, sizeof(prog), "GPL", 0);
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		log_err("Loading program");
+		printf("Output from verifier:\n%s\n-------\n", bpf_log_buf);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int drop_prog, allow_prog, foo = 0, bar = 0, rc = 0;
+
+	allow_prog = prog_load(1);
+	if (!allow_prog)
+		goto err;
+
+	drop_prog = prog_load(0);
+	if (!drop_prog)
+		goto err;
+
+	if (setup_cgroup_environment())
+		goto err;
+
+	/* Create cgroup /foo, get fd, and join it */
+	foo = create_and_get_cgroup(FOO);
+	if (!foo)
+		goto err;
+
+	if (join_cgroup(FOO))
+		goto err;
+
+	if (bpf_prog_attach(drop_prog, foo, BPF_CGROUP_INET_EGRESS)) {
+		log_err("Attaching prog to /foo");
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	assert(system(PING_CMD) != 0);
+
+	/* Create cgroup /foo/bar, get fd, and join it */
+	bar = create_and_get_cgroup(BAR);
+	if (!bar)
+		goto err;
+
+	if (join_cgroup(BAR))
+		goto err;
+
+	assert(system(PING_CMD) != 0);
+
+	if (bpf_prog_attach(allow_prog, bar, BPF_CGROUP_INET_EGRESS)) {
+		log_err("Attaching prog to /foo/bar");
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	assert(system(PING_CMD) == 0);
+
+
+	if (bpf_prog_detach(bar, BPF_CGROUP_INET_EGRESS)) {
+		log_err("Detaching program from /foo/bar");
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	assert(system(PING_CMD) != 0);
+
+	if (bpf_prog_attach(allow_prog, bar, BPF_CGROUP_INET_EGRESS)) {
+		log_err("Attaching prog to /foo/bar");
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	if (bpf_prog_detach(foo, BPF_CGROUP_INET_EGRESS)) {
+		log_err("Detaching program from /foo");
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	assert(system(PING_CMD) == 0);
+
+	goto out;
+
+err:
+	rc = 1;
+
+out:
+	close(foo);
+	close(bar);
+	cleanup_cgroup_environment();
+	return rc;
+}

samples/bpf/test_current_task_under_cgroup_user.c

@@ -11,50 +11,16 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include "libbpf.h"
 #include "bpf_load.h"
-#include <string.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <errno.h>
 #include <linux/bpf.h>
-#include <sched.h>
+#include "cgroup_helpers.h"
-#include <sys/mount.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <linux/limits.h>
 
-#define CGROUP_MOUNT_PATH	"/mnt"
+#define CGROUP_PATH		"/my-cgroup"
-#define CGROUP_PATH		"/mnt/my-cgroup"
-
-#define clean_errno() (errno == 0 ? "None" : strerror(errno))
-#define log_err(MSG, ...) fprintf(stderr, "(%s:%d: errno: %s) " MSG "\n", \
-	__FILE__, __LINE__, clean_errno(), ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
-static int join_cgroup(char *path)
-{
-	int fd, rc = 0;
-	pid_t pid = getpid();
-	char cgroup_path[PATH_MAX + 1];
-
-	snprintf(cgroup_path, sizeof(cgroup_path), "%s/cgroup.procs", path);
-
-	fd = open(cgroup_path, O_WRONLY);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		log_err("Opening Cgroup");
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	if (dprintf(fd, "%d\n", pid) < 0) {
-		log_err("Joining Cgroup");
-		rc = 1;
-	}
-	close(fd);
-	return rc;
-}
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	char filename[256];
-	int cg2, idx = 0;
 	pid_t remote_pid, local_pid = getpid();
+	int cg2, idx = 0, rc = 0;
+	char filename[256];
 
 	snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s_kern.o", argv[0]);
 	if (load_bpf_file(filename)) {
@@ -62,47 +28,22 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	/*
+	if (setup_cgroup_environment())
-	 * This is to avoid interfering with existing cgroups. Unfortunately,
+		goto err;
-	 * most people don't have cgroupv2 enabled at this point in time.
-	 * It's easier to create our own mount namespace and manage it
-	 * ourselves.
-	 */
-	if (unshare(CLONE_NEWNS)) {
-		log_err("unshare");
-		return 1;
-	}
 
-	if (mount("none", "/", NULL, MS_REC | MS_PRIVATE, NULL)) {
+	cg2 = create_and_get_cgroup(CGROUP_PATH);
-		log_err("mount fakeroot");
-		return 1;
-	}
 
-	if (mount("none", CGROUP_MOUNT_PATH, "cgroup2", 0, NULL)) {
+	if (!cg2)
-		log_err("mount cgroup2");
+		goto err;
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	if (mkdir(CGROUP_PATH, 0777) && errno != EEXIST) {
-		log_err("mkdir cgroup");
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	cg2 = open(CGROUP_PATH, O_RDONLY);
-	if (cg2 < 0) {
-		log_err("opening target cgroup");
-		goto cleanup_cgroup_err;
-	}
 
 	if (bpf_update_elem(map_fd[0], &idx, &cg2, BPF_ANY)) {
 		log_err("Adding target cgroup to map");
-		goto cleanup_cgroup_err;
+		goto err;
-	}
-	if (join_cgroup("/mnt/my-cgroup")) {
-		log_err("Leaving target cgroup");
-		goto cleanup_cgroup_err;
 	}
 
+	if (join_cgroup(CGROUP_PATH))
+		goto err;
+
 	/*
 	 * The installed helper program catched the sync call, and should
 	 * write it to the map.
@@ -115,12 +56,12 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		fprintf(stderr,
 			"BPF Helper didn't write correct PID to map, but: %d\n",
 			remote_pid);
-		goto leave_cgroup_err;
+		goto err;
 	}
 
 	/* Verify the negative scenario; leave the cgroup */
-	if (join_cgroup(CGROUP_MOUNT_PATH))
+	if (join_cgroup("/"))
-		goto leave_cgroup_err;
+		goto err;
 
 	remote_pid = 0;
 	bpf_update_elem(map_fd[1], &idx, &remote_pid, BPF_ANY);
@@ -130,16 +71,15 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	if (local_pid == remote_pid) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "BPF cgroup negative test did not work\n");
-		goto cleanup_cgroup_err;
+		goto err;
 	}
 
-	rmdir(CGROUP_PATH);
+	goto out;
-	return 0;
+err:
+	rc = 1;
 
-	/* Error condition, cleanup */
+out:
-leave_cgroup_err:
+	close(cg2);
-	join_cgroup(CGROUP_MOUNT_PATH);
+	cleanup_cgroup_environment();
-cleanup_cgroup_err:
+	return rc;
-	rmdir(CGROUP_PATH);
-	return 1;
 }