[ Upstream commit d49270a04623ce3c0afddbf3e984cb245aa48e9c ]
When the number of cpu cores is adjusted to 7 or other odd numbers,
the zone size will become an odd number.
The address of the zone will become:
addr of zone0 = BASE
addr of zone1 = BASE + zone_size
addr of zone2 = BASE + zone_size*2
...
The address of zone1/3/5/7 will be mapped to non-alignment va.
Eventually crashes will occur when accessing these va.
So, use ALIGN_DOWN() to make sure the zone size is even
to avoid this bug.
Signed-off-by: Weichen Chen <weichen.chen@mediatek.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthias Brugger <matthias.bgg@gmail.com>
Tested-by: "Guilherme G. Piccoli" <gpiccoli@igalia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230224023632.6840-1-weichen.chen@mediatek.com
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
(cherry picked from commit 8b69c30f4e8b69131d92096cb296dc1f217101e4)
Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
[ Upstream commit 86222a8fc16ec517de8da2604d904c9df3a08e5d ]
In persistent_ram_init_ecc(), on 64-bit arches DIV_ROUND_UP() will return
64-bit value since persistent_ram_zone::buffer_size has type size_t which
is derived from the 64-bit *unsigned long*, while the ecc_blocks variable
this value gets assigned to has (always 32-bit) *int* type. Even if that
value fits into *int* type, an overflow is still possible when calculating
the size_t typed ecc_total variable further below since there's no cast to
any 64-bit type before multiplication. Declaring the ecc_blocks variable
as *size_t* should fix this mess...
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with the SVACE static
analysis tool.
Fixes: 9cc05ad97c57 ("staging: android: persistent_ram: refactor ecc support")
Signed-off-by: Sergey Shtylyov <s.shtylyov@omp.ru>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231105202936.25694-1-s.shtylyov@omp.ru
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
(cherry picked from commit 3b333cded94fbe5ce30d699b316c4715151268ae)
Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
commit fe8c3623ab06603eb760444a032d426542212021 upstream.
After commit 30696378f68a ("pstore/ram: Do not treat empty buffers as
valid"), initialization would assume a prz was valid after seeing that
the buffer_size is zero (regardless of the buffer start position). This
unchecked start value means it could be outside the bounds of the buffer,
leading to future access panics when written to:
sysdump_panic_event+0x3b4/0x5b8
atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x54/0x90
panic+0x1c8/0x42c
die+0x29c/0x2a8
die_kernel_fault+0x68/0x78
__do_kernel_fault+0x1c4/0x1e0
do_bad_area+0x40/0x100
do_translation_fault+0x68/0x80
do_mem_abort+0x68/0xf8
el1_da+0x1c/0xc0
__raw_writeb+0x38/0x174
__memcpy_toio+0x40/0xac
persistent_ram_update+0x44/0x12c
persistent_ram_write+0x1a8/0x1b8
ramoops_pstore_write+0x198/0x1e8
pstore_console_write+0x94/0xe0
...
To avoid this, also check if the prz start is 0 during the initialization
phase. If not, the next prz sanity check case will discover it (start >
size) and zap the buffer back to a sane state.
Fixes: 30696378f68a ("pstore/ram: Do not treat empty buffers as valid")
Cc: Yunlong Xing <yunlong.xing@unisoc.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Enlin Mu <enlin.mu@unisoc.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230801060432.1307717-1-yunlong.xing@unisoc.com
[kees: update commit log with backtrace and clarifications]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 5239a89b06d6b199f133bf0ffea421683187f257 ]
This reverts commit 76d62f24db07f22ccf9bc18ca793c27d4ebef721.
So while priority inversion on the pmsg_lock is an occasional
problem that an rt_mutex would help with, in uses where logging
is writing to pmsg heavily from multiple threads, the pmsg_lock
can be heavily contended.
After this change landed, it was reported that cases where the
mutex locking overhead was commonly adding on the order of 10s
of usecs delay had suddenly jumped to ~msec delay with rtmutex.
It seems the slight differences in the locks under this level
of contention causes the normal mutexes to utilize the spinning
optimizations, while the rtmutexes end up in the sleeping
slowpath (which allows additional threads to pile on trying
to take the lock).
In this case, it devolves to a worse case senerio where the lock
acquisition and scheduling overhead dominates, and each thread
is waiting on the order of ~ms to do ~us of work.
Obviously, having tons of threads all contending on a single
lock for logging is non-optimal, so the proper fix is probably
reworking pstore pmsg to have per-cpu buffers so we don't have
contention.
Additionally, Steven Rostedt has provided some furhter
optimizations for rtmutexes that improves the rtmutex spinning
path, but at least in my testing, I still see the test tripping
into the sleeping path on rtmutexes while utilizing the spinning
path with mutexes.
But in the short term, lets revert the change to the rt_mutex
and go back to normal mutexes to avoid a potentially major
performance regression. And we can work on optimizations to both
rtmutexes and finer-grained locking for pstore pmsg in the
future.
Cc: Wei Wang <wvw@google.com>
Cc: Midas Chien<midaschieh@google.com>
Cc: "Chunhui Li (李春辉)" <chunhui.li@mediatek.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Anton Vorontsov <anton@enomsg.org>
Cc: "Guilherme G. Piccoli" <gpiccoli@igalia.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: kernel-team@android.com
Fixes: 76d62f24db07 ("pstore: Switch pmsg_lock to an rt_mutex to avoid priority inversion")
Reported-by: "Chunhui Li (李春辉)" <chunhui.li@mediatek.com>
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230308204043.2061631-1-jstultz@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 2f4fec5943407318b9523f01ce1f5d668c028332 ]
In commit 76d62f24db07 ("pstore: Switch pmsg_lock to an rt_mutex
to avoid priority inversion") I changed a lock to an rt_mutex.
However, its possible that CONFIG_RT_MUTEXES is not enabled,
which then results in a build failure, as the 0day bot detected:
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/202212211244.TwzWZD3H-lkp@intel.com/
Thus this patch changes CONFIG_PSTORE_PMSG to select
CONFIG_RT_MUTEXES, which ensures the build will not fail.
Cc: Wei Wang <wvw@google.com>
Cc: Midas Chien<midaschieh@google.com>
Cc: Connor O'Brien <connoro@google.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Anton Vorontsov <anton@enomsg.org>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Cc: kernel-team@android.com
Fixes: 76d62f24db07 ("pstore: Switch pmsg_lock to an rt_mutex to avoid priority inversion")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221221051855.15761-1-jstultz@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 76d62f24db07f22ccf9bc18ca793c27d4ebef721 ]
Wei Wang reported seeing priority inversion caused latencies
caused by contention on pmsg_lock, and suggested it be switched
to a rt_mutex.
I was initially hesitant this would help, as the tasks in that
trace all seemed to be SCHED_NORMAL, so the benefit would be
limited to only nice boosting.
However, another similar issue was raised where the priority
inversion was seen did involve a blocked RT task so it is clear
this would be helpful in that case.
Cc: Wei Wang <wvw@google.com>
Cc: Midas Chien<midaschieh@google.com>
Cc: Connor O'Brien <connoro@google.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Anton Vorontsov <anton@enomsg.org>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: kernel-team@android.com
Fixes: 9d5438f462ab ("pstore: Add pmsg - user-space accessible pstore object")
Reported-by: Wei Wang <wvw@google.com>
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221214231834.3711880-1-jstultz@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit e6b842741b4f39007215fd7e545cb55aa3d358a2 ]
An oops can be induced by running 'cat /proc/kcore > /dev/null' on
devices using pstore with the ram backend because kmap_atomic() assumes
lowmem pages are accessible with __va().
Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffffff807ff2b000
Mem abort info:
ESR = 0x96000006
EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits
SET = 0, FnV = 0
EA = 0, S1PTW = 0
FSC = 0x06: level 2 translation fault
Data abort info:
ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000006
CM = 0, WnR = 0
swapper pgtable: 4k pages, 39-bit VAs, pgdp=0000000081d87000
[ffffff807ff2b000] pgd=180000017fe18003, p4d=180000017fe18003, pud=180000017fe18003, pmd=0000000000000000
Internal error: Oops: 96000006 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
Modules linked in: dm_integrity
CPU: 7 PID: 21179 Comm: perf Not tainted 5.15.67-10882-ge4eb2eb988cd #1 baa443fb8e8477896a370b31a821eb2009f9bfba
Hardware name: Google Lazor (rev3 - 8) (DT)
pstate: a0400009 (NzCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
pc : __memcpy+0x110/0x260
lr : vread+0x194/0x294
sp : ffffffc013ee39d0
x29: ffffffc013ee39f0 x28: 0000000000001000 x27: ffffff807ff2b000
x26: 0000000000001000 x25: ffffffc0085a2000 x24: ffffff802d4b3000
x23: ffffff80f8a60000 x22: ffffff802d4b3000 x21: ffffffc0085a2000
x20: ffffff8080b7bc68 x19: 0000000000001000 x18: 0000000000000000
x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: ffffffd3073f2e60
x14: ffffffffad588000 x13: 0000000000000000 x12: 0000000000000001
x11: 00000000000001a2 x10: 00680000fff2bf0b x9 : 03fffffff807ff2b
x8 : 0000000000000001 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 0000000000000000
x5 : ffffff802d4b4000 x4 : ffffff807ff2c000 x3 : ffffffc013ee3a78
x2 : 0000000000001000 x1 : ffffff807ff2b000 x0 : ffffff802d4b3000
Call trace:
__memcpy+0x110/0x260
read_kcore+0x584/0x778
proc_reg_read+0xb4/0xe4
During early boot, memblock reserves the pages for the ramoops reserved
memory node in DT that would otherwise be part of the direct lowmem
mapping. Pstore's ram backend reuses those reserved pages to change the
memory type (writeback or non-cached) by passing the pages to vmap()
(see pfn_to_page() usage in persistent_ram_vmap() for more details) with
specific flags. When read_kcore() starts iterating over the vmalloc
region, it runs over the virtual address that vmap() returned for
ramoops. In aligned_vread() the virtual address is passed to
vmalloc_to_page() which returns the page struct for the reserved lowmem
area. That lowmem page is passed to kmap_atomic(), which effectively
calls page_to_virt() that assumes a lowmem page struct must be directly
accessible with __va() and friends. These pages are mapped via vmap()
though, and the lowmem mapping was never made, so accessing them via the
lowmem virtual address oopses like above.
Let's side-step this problem by passing VM_IOREMAP to vmap(). This will
tell vread() to not include the ramoops region in the kcore. Instead the
area will look like a bunch of zeros. The alternative is to teach kmap()
about vmalloc areas that intersect with lowmem. Presumably such a change
isn't a one-liner, and there isn't much interest in inspecting the
ramoops region in kcore files anyway, so the most expedient route is
taken for now.
Cc: Brian Geffon <bgeffon@google.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Fixes: 404a6043385d ("staging: android: persistent_ram: handle reserving and mapping memory")
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221205233136.3420802-1-swboyd@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit e1fce564900f8734edf15b87f028c57e14f6e28d ]
In the if (dev_of_node(dev) && !pdata) path, the "err" may be assigned a
value of 0, so the error return code -EINVAL may be incorrectly set
to 0. To fix set valid return code before calling to goto.
Fixes: 35da60941e44 ("pstore/ram: add Device Tree bindings")
Signed-off-by: Wang Yufen <wangyufen@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1669969374-46582-1-git-send-email-wangyufen@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 9e5f1c19800b808a37fb9815a26d382132c26c3d upstream.
The ram_core.c routines treat przs as circular buffers. When writing a
new crash dump, the old buffer needs to be cleared so that the new dump
doesn't end up in the wrong place (i.e. at the end).
The solution to this problem is to reset the circular buffer state before
writing a new Oops dump.
Signed-off-by: Aleksandr Yashkin <a.yashkin@inango-systems.com>
Signed-off-by: Nikolay Merinov <n.merinov@inango-systems.com>
Signed-off-by: Ariel Gilman <a.gilman@inango-systems.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191223133816.28155-1-n.merinov@inango-systems.com
Fixes: 896fc1f0c4c6 ("pstore/ram: Switch to persistent_ram routines")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 8665569e97dd52920713b95675409648986b5b0d ]
Given corruption in the ftrace records, it might be possible to allocate
tmp_prz without assigning prz to it, but still marking it as needing to
be freed, which would cause at least a NULL dereference.
smatch warnings:
fs/pstore/ram.c:340 ramoops_pstore_read() error: we previously assumed 'prz' could be null (see line 255)
https://lists.01.org/pipermail/kbuild-all/2018-December/055528.html
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Fixes: 2fbea82bbb89 ("pstore: Merge per-CPU ftrace records into one")
Cc: "Joel Fernandes (Google)" <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 8880fa32c557600f5f624084152668ed3c2ea51e upstream.
The ram pstore backend has always had the crash dumper frontend enabled
unconditionally. However, it was possible to effectively disable it
by setting a record_size=0. All the machinery would run (storing dumps
to the temporary crash buffer), but 0 bytes would ultimately get stored
due to there being no przs allocated for dumps. Commit 89d328f637b9
("pstore/ram: Correctly calculate usable PRZ bytes"), however, assumed
that there would always be at least one allocated dprz for calculating
the size of the temporary crash buffer. This was, of course, not the
case when record_size=0, and would lead to a NULL deref trying to find
the dprz buffer size:
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at (null)
...
IP: ramoops_probe+0x285/0x37e (fs/pstore/ram.c:808)
cxt->pstore.bufsize = cxt->dprzs[0]->buffer_size;
Instead, we need to only enable the frontends based on the success of the
prz initialization and only take the needed actions when those zones are
available. (This also fixes a possible error in detecting if the ftrace
frontend should be enabled.)
Reported-and-tested-by: Yaro Slav <yaro330@gmail.com>
Fixes: 89d328f637b9 ("pstore/ram: Correctly calculate usable PRZ bytes")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit ea84b580b95521644429cc6748b6c2bf27c8b0f3 upstream.
Instead of running with interrupts disabled, use a semaphore. This should
make it easier for backends that may need to sleep (e.g. EFI) when
performing a write:
|BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/sched/completion.c:99
|in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 1, pid: 2236, name: sig-xstate-bum
|Preemption disabled at:
|[<ffffffff99d60512>] pstore_dump+0x72/0x330
|CPU: 26 PID: 2236 Comm: sig-xstate-bum Tainted: G D 4.20.0-rc3 #45
|Call Trace:
| dump_stack+0x4f/0x6a
| ___might_sleep.cold.91+0xd3/0xe4
| __might_sleep+0x50/0x90
| wait_for_completion+0x32/0x130
| virt_efi_query_variable_info+0x14e/0x160
| efi_query_variable_store+0x51/0x1a0
| efivar_entry_set_safe+0xa3/0x1b0
| efi_pstore_write+0x109/0x140
| pstore_dump+0x11c/0x330
| kmsg_dump+0xa4/0xd0
| oops_exit+0x22/0x30
...
Reported-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Fixes: 21b3ddd39fee ("efi: Don't use spinlocks for efi vars")
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit b77fa617a2ff4d6beccad3d3d4b3a1f2d10368aa upstream.
Since the console writer does not use the preallocated crash dump buffer
any more, there is no reason to perform locking around it.
Fixes: 70ad35db3321 ("pstore: Convert console write to use ->write_buf")
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 30696378f68a9e3dad6bfe55938b112e72af00c2 ]
The ramoops backend currently calls persistent_ram_save_old() even
if a buffer is empty. While this appears to work, it is does not seem
like the right thing to do and could lead to future bugs so lets avoid
that. It also prevents misleading prints in the logs which claim the
buffer is valid.
I got something like:
found existing buffer, size 0, start 0
When I was expecting:
no valid data in buffer (sig = ...)
This bails out early (and reports with pr_debug()), since it's an
acceptable state.
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Co-developed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 5631e8576a3caf606cdc375f97425a67983b420c upstream.
Yue Hu noticed that when parsing device tree the allocated platform data
was never freed. Since it's not used beyond the function scope, this
switches to using a stack variable instead.
Reported-by: Yue Hu <huyue2@yulong.com>
Fixes: 35da60941e44 ("pstore/ram: add Device Tree bindings")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 89d328f637b9904b6d4c9af73c8a608b8dd4d6f8 ]
The actual number of bytes stored in a PRZ is smaller than the
bytes requested by platform data, since there is a header on each
PRZ. Additionally, if ECC is enabled, there are trailing bytes used
as well. Normally this mismatch doesn't matter since PRZs are circular
buffers and the leading "overflow" bytes are just thrown away. However, in
the case of a compressed record, this rather badly corrupts the results.
This corruption was visible with "ramoops.mem_size=204800 ramoops.ecc=1".
Any stored crashes would not be uncompressable (producing a pstorefs
"dmesg-*.enc.z" file), and triggering errors at boot:
[ 2.790759] pstore: crypto_comp_decompress failed, ret = -22!
Backporting this depends on commit 70ad35db3321 ("pstore: Convert console
write to use ->write_buf")
Reported-by: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Fixes: b0aad7a99c1d ("pstore: Add compression support to pstore")
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 831b624df1b420c8f9281ed1307a8db23afb72df upstream.
persistent_ram_vmap() returns the page start vaddr.
persistent_ram_iomap() supports non-page-aligned mapping.
persistent_ram_buffer_map() always adds offset-in-page to the vaddr
returned from these two functions, which causes incorrect mapping of
non-page-aligned persistent ram buffer.
By default ftrace_size is 4096 and max_ftrace_cnt is nr_cpu_ids. Without
this patch, the zone_sz in ramoops_init_przs() is 4096/nr_cpu_ids which
might not be page aligned. If the offset-in-page > 2048, the vaddr will be
in next page. If the next page is not mapped, it will cause kernel panic:
[ 0.074231] BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ffffa19e0081b000
...
[ 0.075000] RIP: 0010:persistent_ram_new+0x1f8/0x39f
...
[ 0.075000] Call Trace:
[ 0.075000] ramoops_init_przs.part.10.constprop.15+0x105/0x260
[ 0.075000] ramoops_probe+0x232/0x3a0
[ 0.075000] platform_drv_probe+0x3e/0xa0
[ 0.075000] driver_probe_device+0x2cd/0x400
[ 0.075000] __driver_attach+0xe4/0x110
[ 0.075000] ? driver_probe_device+0x400/0x400
[ 0.075000] bus_for_each_dev+0x70/0xa0
[ 0.075000] driver_attach+0x1e/0x20
[ 0.075000] bus_add_driver+0x159/0x230
[ 0.075000] ? do_early_param+0x95/0x95
[ 0.075000] driver_register+0x70/0xc0
[ 0.075000] ? init_pstore_fs+0x4d/0x4d
[ 0.075000] __platform_driver_register+0x36/0x40
[ 0.075000] ramoops_init+0x12f/0x131
[ 0.075000] do_one_initcall+0x4d/0x12c
[ 0.075000] ? do_early_param+0x95/0x95
[ 0.075000] kernel_init_freeable+0x19b/0x222
[ 0.075000] ? rest_init+0xbb/0xbb
[ 0.075000] kernel_init+0xe/0xfc
[ 0.075000] ret_from_fork+0x3a/0x50
Signed-off-by: Bin Yang <bin.yang@intel.com>
[kees: add comments describing the mapping differences, updated commit log]
Fixes: 24c3d2f342ed ("staging: android: persistent_ram: Make it possible to use memory outside of bootmem")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This reverts commit 68c4a4f8abc60c9440ede9cd123d48b78325f7a3, with
various conflict clean-ups.
The capability check required too much privilege compared to simple DAC
controls. A system builder was forced to have crash handler processes
run with CAP_SYSLOG which would give it the ability to read (and wipe)
the _current_ dmesg, which is much more access than being given access
only to the historical log stored in pstorefs.
With the prior commit to make the root directory 0750, the files are
protected by default but a system builder can now opt to give access
to a specific group (via chgrp on the pstorefs root directory) without
being forced to also give away CAP_SYSLOG.
Suggested-by: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Currently only DMESG and CONSOLE record types are protected, and it isn't
obvious that they are using a capability check. Instead switch to explicit
root directory mode of 0750 to keep files private by default. This will
allow the removal of the capability check, which was non-obvious and
forces a process to have possibly too much privilege when simple post-boot
chgrp for readers would be possible without it.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Pull ->s_options removal from Al Viro:
"Preparations for fsmount/fsopen stuff (coming next cycle). Everything
gets moved to explicit ->show_options(), killing ->s_options off +
some cosmetic bits around fs/namespace.c and friends. Basically, the
stuff needed to work with fsmount series with minimum of conflicts
with other work.
It's not strictly required for this merge window, but it would reduce
the PITA during the coming cycle, so it would be nice to have those
bits and pieces out of the way"
* 'work.mount' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
isofs: Fix isofs_show_options()
VFS: Kill off s_options and helpers
orangefs: Implement show_options
9p: Implement show_options
isofs: Implement show_options
afs: Implement show_options
affs: Implement show_options
befs: Implement show_options
spufs: Implement show_options
bpf: Implement show_options
ramfs: Implement show_options
pstore: Implement show_options
omfs: Implement show_options
hugetlbfs: Implement show_options
VFS: Don't use save/replace_mount_options if not using generic_show_options
VFS: Provide empty name qstr
VFS: Make get_filesystem() return the affected filesystem
VFS: Clean up whitespace in fs/namespace.c and fs/super.c
Provide a function to create a NUL-terminated string from unterminated data
Implement the show_options superblock op for pstore as part of a bid to get
rid of s_options and generic_show_options() to make it easier to implement
a context-based mount where the mount options can be passed individually
over a file descriptor.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
cc: Anton Vorontsov <anton@enomsg.org>
cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Use memdup_user() helper instead of open-coding to simplify the code.
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
The current time will be initially available in the record->time field
for all pstore_read() and pstore_write() calls. Backends can either
update the field during read(), or use the field during write() instead
of fetching time themselves.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
In preparation for setting timestamps in the pstore core, create a common
initializer routine, instead of using static initializers.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
If a backend does not correctly iterate through its records, pstore will
get stuck loading entries. Detect this with a large record count, and
announce if we ever hit the limit. This will let future backend reading
bugs less annoying to debug. Additionally adjust the error about
pstore_mkfile() failing.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
When the "if (record->size <= 0)" test is true in
pstore_get_backend_records() it's pretty clear that nobody holds a
reference to the allocated pstore_record, yet we don't free it.
Let's free it.
Fixes: 2a2b0acf768c ("pstore: Allocate records on heap instead of stack")
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
commit 9abdcccc3d5f ("pstore: Extract common arguments into structure")
moved record decompression to function. decompress_record() gets
called without checking type and compressed flag. Warning will be
reported if data is uncompressed. Pstore type PSTORE_TYPE_PPC_OPAL,
PSTORE_TYPE_PPC_COMMON doesn't contain compressed data and warning get
printed part of dmesg.
Partial dmesg log:
[ 35.848914] pstore: ignored compressed record type 6
[ 35.848927] pstore: ignored compressed record type 8
Above warning should not get printed as it is known that data won't be
compressed for above type and it is valid condition.
This patch returns if data is not compressed and print warning only if
data is compressed and type is not PSTORE_TYPE_DMESG.
Reported-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ankit Kumar <ankit@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Mahesh Salgaonkar <mahesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Fixes: 9abdcccc3d5f ("pstore: Extract common arguments into structure")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
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Merge tag 'hwparam-20170420' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs
Pull hw lockdown support from David Howells:
"Annotation of module parameters that configure hardware resources
including ioports, iomem addresses, irq lines and dma channels.
This allows a future patch to prohibit the use of such module
parameters to prevent that hardware from being abused to gain access
to the running kernel image as part of locking the kernel down under
UEFI secure boot conditions.
Annotations are made by changing:
module_param(n, t, p)
module_param_named(n, v, t, p)
module_param_array(n, t, m, p)
to:
module_param_hw(n, t, hwtype, p)
module_param_hw_named(n, v, t, hwtype, p)
module_param_hw_array(n, t, hwtype, m, p)
where the module parameter refers to a hardware setting
hwtype specifies the type of the resource being configured. This can
be one of:
ioport Module parameter configures an I/O port
iomem Module parameter configures an I/O mem address
ioport_or_iomem Module parameter could be either (runtime set)
irq Module parameter configures an I/O port
dma Module parameter configures a DMA channel
dma_addr Module parameter configures a DMA buffer address
other Module parameter configures some other value
Note that the hwtype is compile checked, but not currently stored (the
lockdown code probably won't require it). It is, however, there for
future use.
A bonus is that the hwtype can also be used for grepping.
The intention is for the kernel to ignore or reject attempts to set
annotated module parameters if lockdown is enabled. This applies to
options passed on the boot command line, passed to insmod/modprobe or
direct twiddling in /sys/module/ parameter files.
The module initialisation then needs to handle the parameter not being
set, by (1) giving an error, (2) probing for a value or (3) using a
reasonable default.
What I can't do is just reject a module out of hand because it may
take a hardware setting in the module parameters. Some important
modules, some ipmi stuff for instance, both probe for hardware and
allow hardware to be manually specified; if the driver is aborts with
any error, you don't get any ipmi hardware.
Further, trying to do this entirely in the module initialisation code
doesn't protect against sysfs twiddling.
[!] Note that in and of itself, this series of patches should have no
effect on the the size of the kernel or code execution - that is
left to a patch in the next series to effect. It does mark
annotated kernel parameters with a KERNEL_PARAM_FL_HWPARAM flag in
an already existing field"
* tag 'hwparam-20170420' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs: (38 commits)
Annotate hardware config module parameters in sound/pci/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in sound/oss/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in sound/isa/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in sound/drivers/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in fs/pstore/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/watchdog/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/video/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/tty/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/staging/vme/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/staging/speakup/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/staging/media/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/scsi/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/pcmcia/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/pci/hotplug/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/parport/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/net/wireless/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/net/wan/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/net/irda/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/net/hamradio/
Annotate hardware config module parameters in drivers/net/ethernet/
...
Lockdep complains about a possible deadlock between mount and unlink
(which is technically impossible), but fixing this improves possible
future multiple-backend support, and keeps locking in the right order.
The lockdep warning could be triggered by unlinking a file in the
pstore filesystem:
-> #1 (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#14){++++++}:
lock_acquire+0xc9/0x220
down_write+0x3f/0x70
pstore_mkfile+0x1f4/0x460
pstore_get_records+0x17a/0x320
pstore_fill_super+0xa4/0xc0
mount_single+0x89/0xb0
pstore_mount+0x13/0x20
mount_fs+0xf/0x90
vfs_kern_mount+0x66/0x170
do_mount+0x190/0xd50
SyS_mount+0x90/0xd0
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1c/0xb1
-> #0 (&psinfo->read_mutex){+.+.+.}:
__lock_acquire+0x1ac0/0x1bb0
lock_acquire+0xc9/0x220
__mutex_lock+0x6e/0x990
mutex_lock_nested+0x16/0x20
pstore_unlink+0x3f/0xa0
vfs_unlink+0xb5/0x190
do_unlinkat+0x24c/0x2a0
SyS_unlinkat+0x16/0x30
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1c/0xb1
Possible unsafe locking scenario:
CPU0 CPU1
---- ----
lock(&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#14);
lock(&psinfo->read_mutex);
lock(&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#14);
lock(&psinfo->read_mutex);
Reported-by: Marta Lofstedt <marta.lofstedt@intel.com>
Reported-by: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Since the vmalloc code has been removed from write_pmsg() in the commit
"5bf6d1b pstore/pmsg: drop bounce buffer", remove the unused header
vmalloc.h.
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
When the kernel is running in secure boot mode, we lock down the kernel to
prevent userspace from modifying the running kernel image. Whilst this
includes prohibiting access to things like /dev/mem, it must also prevent
access by means of configuring driver modules in such a way as to cause a
device to access or modify the kernel image.
To this end, annotate module_param* statements that refer to hardware
configuration and indicate for future reference what type of parameter they
specify. The parameter parser in the core sees this information and can
skip such parameters with an error message if the kernel is locked down.
The module initialisation then runs as normal, but just sees whatever the
default values for those parameters is.
Note that we do still need to do the module initialisation because some
drivers have viable defaults set in case parameters aren't specified and
some drivers support automatic configuration (e.g. PNP or PCI) in addition
to manually coded parameters.
This patch annotates drivers in fs/pstore/.
Suggested-by: Alan Cox <gnomes@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
cc: Anton Vorontsov <anton@enomsg.org>
cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Nothing actually uses write_user_compat() currently, but there is no
reason to reuse the dmesg buffer. Instead, just allocate a new record
buffer, copy in from userspace, and pass it to write() as normal.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Now that write() and write_buf() are functionally identical, this removes
write_buf(), and renames write_buf_user() to write_user(). Additionally
adds sanity-checks for pstore_info's declared functions and flags at
registration time.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Removes argument list in favor of pstore record, though the user buffer
remains passed separately since it must carry the __user annotation.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
As with the other API updates, this removes the long argument list in favor
of passing a single pstore recaord.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
This removes the argument list for the erase() callback and replaces it
with a pointer to the backend record details to be removed.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
This switches the inode-private data from carrying duplicate metadata to
keeping the record passed in during pstore_mkfile().
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
In preparation for handling records off to pstore_mkfile(), allocate the
record instead of reusing stack. This still always frees the record,
though, since pstore_mkfile() isn't yet keeping it.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
pstore_mkfile() shouldn't have to memcpy the record contents. It can use
the existing copy instead. This adjusts the allocation lifetime management
and renames the contents variable from "data" to "buf" to assist moving to
struct pstore_record in the future.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Currently, pstore_mkfile() performs a memcpy() of the record contents,
so it can live anywhere. However, this is needlessly wasteful. In
preparation of pstore_mkfile() keeping the record contents, always
allocate a buffer for the contents.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Similar to the pstore_info read() callback, there were too many arguments.
This switches to the new struct pstore_record pointer instead. This adds
"reason" and "part" to the record structure as well.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
The argument list for the pstore_read() interface is unwieldy. This changes
passes the new struct pstore_record instead. The erst backend was already
doing something similar internally.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
The read/mkfile pair pass the same arguments and should be cleared
between calls. Move to a structure and wipe it after every loop.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Uncommon errors are better to get reported to dmesg so developers can
more easily figure out why pstore is unhappy with a backend attempting
to register.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Technically, it might be possible for struct pstore_info to go out of
scope after the module_put(), so report the backend name first.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
When built as a module and running with update_ms >= 0, pstore will Oops
during module unload since the work timer is still running. This makes sure
the worker is stopped before unloading.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
